Old age should not be a deterrent to becoming physically active. We know that even 90-year-old nursing-home residents can achieve dramatic increases in muscle strength and mobility with a supervised weight-training program.
Fitness, Health, and Exercise Change Across The Lifespan (U.S. Men)
Typical Fitness Changes Cardiovascular fitness begins to decline at about age 30.
- Flexibility decreases.
- Abdominal fat increases.
- Bad cholesterol (LDL) rises.
- Blood sugar rises (pre-diabetic state).
- Muscle mass & strength decrease.
- Blood vessels stiffen.
- Muscle strength, bone density, body weight & balance decrease.
- Blood pressure rises.
Aerobic exercise combats “creeping obesity,” and diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
- Stretching slows loss of flexibility.
- Strength training slows loss of muscle.
- Aerobic exercise keeps blood vessels healthy.
- Strength training delays frailty and enhances ability to remain physically active.
- Exercise Intensity Modifications
ST = Strength Training: 10-15 repetitions per exercise
AT = Aerobic Training: 60-90% of HRMax = Maximum Heart Rate
Safety Modifications
- Slower training progression
- Longer recovery between sessions
- Machine weights, stretch bands, or light dumbbells for strength training
- Avoid high-impact activities.
- ST: 10-15 repetitions per exercise
- AT: 50-75% of HRMax
Safest and most effective exercise choices AT
- Running-jogging
- Bike, row, swim
- Aerobic dance
Safest and most effective exercise choices ST
- Free weights
- Standard push-ups
- Abdominal curls
Sports
- Basketball, soccer
- Racquet Sports
AT
- Running-jogging
- Bike, row, swim
ST
- Free weights
- Knee push-ups
- Abdominal curls
- Back extensions
Sports
- Golf, Tennis, bowl
AT
- Fitness, Walking, Hiking
- Bike, water exercises
ST
- Machine weights, dumbbells, ankle weights, stretch bands
- Wall push-ups, chair rises
Balance/mobility training
- Stair ascent/descent
- Single leg balance with chair
- Tai Chi, Yoga
AT
- Fitness, Walking, Hiking
- Bike, water exercises
ST
- Machine weights, dumbbells, ankle weights, stretch bands
- Wall push-ups, chair rises






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