his parents. His grandfather, a former slave, acquired his and his wife’s freedom and helped establish a Liberian community of Black Americans.
Carter loved medicine. He discovered pathologies while doing an autopsy other doctors didn’t want to do. He attended Livingstone College in North Carolina, Long Island College Medical School, and Boston University School of Medicine. Like other Black doctors, Carter was discriminated against, underpaid, and overworked.
He studied post-graduation at Munich University to enhance his profession. Alois Alzheimer chose him to investigate pathology and neuropathology at the Royal Psychiatric Hospital at the University of Munich. He became a specialist in syphilis diagnosis and treatment and taught physicians. He advocated for Black war veterans he treated.
Dr. Carter released the first complete Alzheimer’s disease review and the ninth case. He taught in Boston and researched Alzheimer’s after returning to the US. He helped English-speaking doctors grasp the problem and early treatment.
Dr. Ruth Ella Moore (1903–1994)
The first Black Ph.D. in natural sciences, Dr. Ruth Ella Moore, helped comprehend infectious illnesses. Her parents were renowned artists, entrepreneurs, and seamstresses from Colombus, Ohio. Moore graduated from Ohio State University with a Bachelor of Science in 1926 and a Master’s in 1927 with her mother’s assistance. She received the first Black American Ph.D. in Bacteriology in 1933 after returning to her old university.
Her dissertation study examined TB, the second greatest cause of mortality in the US. Her work was crucial to finding a cure a decade later.
Dr. Hildrus Poindexter, another Black scholar, and scientist, recruited her after graduation to assist and rebuild Howard University’s clinical section. She headed the Bacteriology Department until 1960. Dr. Moore led Howard University’s first department as a woman. Dr. Moore’s work and lectures helped reduce infectious illnesses and encouraged other Black scientists.
Dr. Moore was a famous academic and a talented seamstress. Her outfits are in US garment museums.
Dr. Jane Cooke Wright (1919–2013)
Dr. Jane Cooke Wright was the first Black American woman to become medical school’s associate dean. She pioneered chronic illness research and cancer research.
Corrine and Louis Tompkins Wright had Jane Cooke Wright in 1919 in New York City. One of the first Black Harvard Medical School graduates, Louis Tompkins Wright, founded the Cancer Research Center at Harlem Hospital and was the first Black doctor to work at a New York City public hospital.
Dr. Jane Cooke Wright interned at Bellevue Hospital as an internal medicine assistant resident from 1945 to 1946 after graduating from