Fibroids—a term that might not resonate with everyone, but for many women, especially women of color, it’s a silent struggle that significantly impacts their lives. In fact, 80 percent of women will be impacted by the age of 50. To shed light on this topic, BlackDoctor.org spoke with to discuss the intricacies of fibroids, dispel common misconceptions, and help you take charge of your health with informed decisions.
Fibroids, non-cancerous growths in the uterus, are a common health issue, particularly among Black women. While often benign, their impact on women’s health, particularly fertility, can be significant. BlackDoctor.org spoke with Dr. Obiamaka Mora, a board-certified Obstetrician and Gynecologist and an esteemed fellow of the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (FACOG) to discuss the symptoms, potential complications, and treatment options available.
Understanding Fibroids
Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, can vary greatly in size and number.
“It’s not so much whether you have them, but the size and location that cause problems,” Dr. Mora shares.
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Symptoms of fibroids include:
- Pain and Cramping: General mass effect, such as feeling pain or actually feeling the fibroids in your abdomen.
- Menstrual Changes: Heavier or prolonged bleeding, bleeding outside of the cycle, and worsening cramping during periods.
- Pain with Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during sexual activity.
- Urinary Symptoms: Frequent urination due to larger fibroids pressing on the bladder.
These symptoms can significantly affect your quality of life and signal the need for medical evaluation.
Recognizing Abnormal Menstrual Cycles
Many women mistakenly believe that heavy periods are normal.
“Your cycle should generally last about five days. If it lasts seven to 10 days or longer, that’s abnormal. Bleeding between cycles is also not normal,” Dr. Mora advises. Persistent or severe pain that disrupts daily activities is another sign to seek medical advice.
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Diagnosis and Assessment
If you notice symptoms, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider who will take a detailed history and conduct a physical exam. “A pelvic ultrasound is usually the first imaging step,” Dr. Mora explains. Additional tests, such as blood work, may be required to check for anemia and other issues related to fibroids.
Fibroids and Fertility
Fibroids can also impact fertility, particularly if they block the fallopian tubes or interfere with the uterine lining. This can lead to infertility and miscarriages. However, Dr. Mora reassures, “Many women with fibroids have normal pregnancies.” The relationship between fibroids and other conditions like PCOS or endometriosis is less direct, but the presence of fibroids can complicate reproductive health.
Treatment Options
Treatment for fibroids varies based on symptoms, fibroid size, and your lifestyle and fertility plans. Dr. Mora outlines several options:
- Expectant Management: Monitoring the fibroids without immediate intervention.
- Hormonal Treatments: Birth control pills to regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding.
- Medications: Drugs to shrink fibroids.
- Surgical Options: These include myomectomy (removal of fibroids), radiofrequency ablation, uterine artery embolization, and hysterectomy as a last resort.
“It’s crucial to tailor treatment based on the woman’s symptoms, lifestyle, and future fertility plans,” Dr. Mora notes.
Key Questions for Your Doctor
When weighing treatment options, consider asking your doctor the following:
- Can my condition be managed medically or hormonally versus surgically?
- How will surgery affect my fertility now or in the future?
- What treatment options fit my lifestyle and reproductive goals?
Understanding the impact of various treatments on fertility and overall health is essential for making informed decisions.
Lifestyle and Management
While fibroids are not caused by poor lifestyle choices, certain habits can help manage symptoms. Dr. Mora recommends:
- Maintaining a healthy diet rich in vegetables and low in red meat.
- Staying hydrated and exercising regularly.
- Managing a healthy weight.
“Genetics and other factors play a significant role,” Dr. Mora notes, highlighting that these changes can help manage symptoms but not necessarily prevent fibroids.
The Importance of Family History
Fibroids can also be hereditary, making it important to discuss family history.
“Women should discuss fibroids with family members to understand their risk. If you have a family history of fibroids and are experiencing symptoms, it’s important to get checked out,” she shares.
Fibroids are a significant health issue for many women, particularly Black women.As we continue to observe Fibroids Awareness Month, let’s prioritize women’s health and empower ourselves with knowledge.
