Not surprisingly, infection rate numbers were higher among certain groups considered to be at high risk. Among those who’d had sex with 10 or more people in their lives, the rate of infection was a bit closer to 1 percent, at 0.68 percent. And among men who’d reported ever having sexual contact with other men, the rate was 7.7 percent compared to 0.17 percent of men without such contact.
Men remain more likely to be HIV-positive than women, and blacks more than any other racial group, with a rate estimated at 1.6 percent. That is seven times higher than other racial or ethnic groups. The numbers highlight “the enormous disparity” in the HIV epidemic, del Rio said. “HIV is a concentrated epidemic, and does not affect people equally.”
Dr. David Margolis, an HIV specialist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, said the findings aren’t surprising. The epidemic has remained stable, he said, and there’s been “little progress in getting diagnosis and care to enough of the affected populations.”
As for the high number of HIV-positive people who hadn’t taken recommended antiretroviral medications within the last month — 48 percent — del Rio said these statistics reveal how far off those numbers are from the goal of UNAIDS for the year 2020. The goal: that 90 percent of HIV-infected people know their status, 90 percent of diagnosed people are on antiretroviral medications and 90 percent of those on treatment have no detectable virus in their blood.
Eli Rosenberg, an assistant professor of epidemiology at Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health, cautioned that a limited number of HIV-people were surveyed.
But “what’s clear is that the number of people not receiving effective therapy is high and at levels we should not tolerate as a society that cares about the medical state of its people,” he said.
SOURCES: Carlos del Rio, M.D., professor and co-director, Center for AIDS Research, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga.; Eli Rosenberg, Ph.D., assistant professor, department of epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; David Margolis, M.D., professor, medicine, microbiology and immunology and epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Sept. 24, 2015, HIV Infection in U.S. Household Population Aged 18-59: Data From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2012
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