Having multiple myeloma can be difficult and can be even scarier when considering how the disease effects your kidneys. Multiple myeloma is a cancer that increases the amount of blood cells that then produce proteins which cause harm to your body. Generally, about half of all those with multiple myeloma rapidly will develop kidney issues and for some kidney failure may occur. Even though your kidneys can be damaged for those with this type of cancer, it is important to remember that most are able to see some improvement in their kidney function.
There are 4 major reasons for kidney issues in those with multiple myeloma.
1. Dehydration
Not drinking enough fluids or being on medications such as diuretics that cause fluid to be lost can cause harm to the kidneys. Dehydration reduces the ability of kidneys to function. The job of kidneys is to filter the blood of waste products. However, with dehydration the kidney has difficulty filtering not only the blood of waste but also the additional proteins that multiple myeloma produces. This can lead to kidney damage. Fluids are given by drinking and through an IV to help improve the kidney function.
2. Medications
Medications like ibuprofen (a type of NSAID) can cause issues with the way the kidneys get sufficient blood flow. Keep in mind that even those without cancer can experience kidney issues from medications. Why? It has to do with the kidneys not getting enough blood flow or directly causing destruction of this organ leading to kidney dysfunction. Again, fluids can be given to help improve the kidney damage.
3. High Calcium Levels
Even having high calcium levels, which can be one of the first signs of multiple myeloma, can decrease the ability of the way the kidney functions. High calcium may lead to kidney stones causing issues with the normal filtration process of the kidney.
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4. Protein Production
Unfortunately, as the cancer grows, the higher the likelihood for a person with multiple myeloma having kidney failure. This is because multiple myeloma produces proteins that cause an increased burden on the kidneys to be able to filter. These proteins can clog the kidneys and inhibit the kidneys being able to function correctly. A way to reduce this kidney burden is by treating the cancer.
When having multiple myeloma, it is good to be aware of these causes of kidney issues. Your doctor has all these things in mind, but most importantly your provider has you in mind. Speak to your medical provider if you have specific questions about your health and your treatment of multiple myeloma.
Dr. Amber Robins is a Family Medicine resident physician and graduate of the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry. Dr. Robins is also an international best-selling author of "The Write Prescription: Finding the 'Right' Spiritual Dosage to Overcome Any Obstacle." Throughout her journey, Dr. Robins’ goal is to motivate others to achieve their own personal success which she does as a personal life coach. You can find more articles at www.DrAmberRobins.com.
