all sources of gluten, including bread, pasta, and many processed foods that may contain hidden sources of gluten.
Gluten Intolerance: A Broad Spectrum of Sensitivity
Gluten intolerance is more common, according to Sami.
“In gluten intolerance, there is no cell damage or inflammation. It’s more of a sensitivity: ‘Gluten doesn’t agree with me,'” Sami said in a clinic news release. “If you eat gluten and have an immediate reaction, such as diarrhea, that’s more likely to be gluten intolerance than celiac disease, which is a slow process that you don’t tend to feel immediately.”
Unlike celiac disease, gluten intolerance, also referred to as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), is not an autoimmune disorder and does not cause the same type of intestinal damage. Instead, it represents a spectrum of symptoms related to the consumption of gluten without the autoimmune response seen in celiac disease.
Symptoms of Gluten Intolerance
The symptoms of gluten intolerance can be quite varied and may include:
- Digestive Discomfort: Bloating, gas, diarrhea, or abdominal pain after consuming gluten-containing foods.
- Headaches: Some people experience headaches or migraines triggered by gluten.
- Fatigue: Like in celiac disease, fatigue can be a symptom of gluten intolerance.
- Joint Pain: Joint pain and muscle aches may occur.
- Brain Fog: Difficulty concentrating or cognitive issues.
- Mood Disturbances: Irritability, anxiety, or depression may be linked to gluten intake.
- Skin Problems: Skin issues, such as eczema or acne, can be triggered by gluten in sensitive individuals.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing gluten intolerance can be challenging because there are no specific blood tests or biopsies that definitively confirm the condition. Diagnosis is often made by ruling out celiac disease and wheat allergy while observing symptom improvement on a gluten-free diet. Treatment for gluten intolerance involves avoiding gluten-containing foods. Many individuals with gluten intolerance find relief by adhering to a gluten-free diet, similar to those with celiac disease.
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Key Differences
- Autoimmune vs. Non-Autoimmune: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder, while gluten intolerance is not.
- Intestinal Damage: Celiac disease causes damage to the small intestine, while gluten intolerance does not typically result in structural damage.
- Diagnosis: Celiac disease can be definitively diagnosed through blood tests and biopsy, whereas gluten intolerance is often diagnosed through symptom improvement on a gluten-free diet.
- Severity: Celiac disease is generally considered more severe due to the potential for serious long-term complications if left untreated.
- Treatment: Both conditions require a gluten-free diet, but celiac disease necessitates strict adherence due to its autoimmune nature.
In conclusion, celiac disease and gluten intolerance are distinct conditions with different mechanisms and implications. If you suspect you may have either condition, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation and guidance. Proper diagnosis and management can lead to improved health and a better quality of life for individuals affected by these gluten-related issues. Remember that self-diagnosis and self-treatment are not advisable, and consulting a healthcare professional is essential for accurate assessment and guidance.