Philadelphia chromosome. This mutation causes the bone marrow to produce abnormal white blood cells.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing CML usually involves a series of tests, including:
- Blood tests to check for abnormal white blood cell counts and the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome
- Bone marrow biopsy to examine the marrow for abnormal cells
Treatment
Treatment for CML typically involves targeted therapy, which focuses on blocking the action of the abnormal protein produced by the Philadelphia chromosome. This therapy is highly effective and can help control the disease for many years.
Phases of CML
CML progresses through three phases:
- Chronic phase: This phase is often asymptomatic or may have mild symptoms. Most people are diagnosed during this phase.
- Accelerated phase: In this phase, CML is more aggressive, and symptoms may worsen. There is a higher risk of the disease transforming into acute leukemia.
- Blast phase (or blast crisis): This is the most advanced phase of CML, where a large number of immature white blood cells (blasts) are present in the blood and bone marrow. This phase is similar to acute leukemia and requires immediate and intensive treatment.
Tips for Managing CML
- Stay informed: Educate yourself about CML and ask questions to your healthcare team. Knowledge is empowering.
- Follow your treatment plan: Stick to your prescribed medication and treatment schedule to help manage the disease effectively.
- Stay active: Regular physical activity can help combat fatigue and improve overall well-being.
- Eat a balanced diet: A healthy diet can support your immune system and overall health.
- Seek support: Join a support group or connect with others living with CML for emotional support and practical advice.
When to See a Doctor
If you experience any of the symptoms associated with CML, such as unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or easy bruising, it’s important to see a doctor promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and quality of life.
Conclusion
Living with CML requires ongoing management, but with the right information and support, it’s possible to lead a fulfilling life. By understanding the basics of CML, you can take an active role in your treatment and well-being.