Cervical cancer is a serious health issue that affects women of all ages and races. While preventative measures such as the HPV vaccine and regular cancer screenings are important, some women may still develop cervical cancer. In these cases, it is important to understand the treatment options available.
Surgery
Surgery is a common treatment for cervical cancer. The type of surgery will depend on the stage of the cancer and the extent of the spread. The most common types of surgery include:
- Conization: This procedure involves removing a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix. It is often used to treat early-stage cervical cancer.
- Hysterectomy: This procedure involves removing the uterus and cervix. It may be recommended for more advanced stages of cervical cancer.
- Radical hysterectomy: This procedure involves removing the uterus, cervix, and surrounding tissues. It is usually recommended for later stages of cervical cancer.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy involves using high-energy rays or particles to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. There are two main types of radiation therapy:
- External radiation: This involves using a machine to direct radiation to the affected area.
- Internal radiation: This involves placing a small amount of radioactive material inside the body, close to the cancer cells.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves using drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with surgery or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy drugs are usually given through an IV, but they may also be given in pill form. There are many different chemotherapy drugs available, and the specific treatment plan will depend on the stage of the cancer and the individual’s overall health.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a newer type of cancer treatment that helps the immune system fight cancer. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. There are several different types of immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T-cell therapy, and cancer vaccines.