Stress Urinary Incontinence: What Are Your Surgery Options?

Many women experience stress urinary incontinence, those bladder leaks that can happen when you cough, sneeze, laugh or exercise. It’s the most common type of urinary incontinence in women, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Understanding Stress Urinary Incontinence

Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) is a condition characterized by the unintentional leakage of urine during activities that put pressure on your bladder, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising. While SUI can affect anyone, studies have shown that certain factors, including race, may contribute to differences in prevalence and treatment outcomes.

Some first-line options are changing behaviors and doing pelvic floor exercises. Pelvic floor exercises strengthen the muscles that support the bladder, according to NYU Langone Health, in New York City. This can help prevent leakage.

Behavior modification can include not drinking alcohol, coffee, tea and soda, which can increase incontinence symptoms.

A bladder retraining technician may also help to teach techniques such as deep breathing when the urge to urinate strikes, while urinating instead at scheduled intervals.

Varying types of surgery can also correct the issue.

There are two main categories of surgery, according to NYU Langone Health. The right type will depend on the type of incontinence you have and the severity of your symptoms.

If you are considering surgery, it is recommended that you put it off until you are done having children because incontinence can return with pregnancy.

Surgical Options for Stress Urinary Incontinence

1. Midurethral Sling Surgery

The most common surgical option for SUI involves the placement of a midurethral sling. This minimally invasive procedure provides support to your urethra, preventing urine leakage during moments of stress. Recovery time is typically shorter compared to more traditional surgeries.

2. Colposuspension

Colposuspension is a procedure that involves lifting and supporting the neck of your bladder and the urethra. While effective, it is more invasive than midurethral sling surgery and may require a longer recovery period.

3. Bulking Agents

Injectable bulking agents can be used to thicken the tissues around your urethra, reducing the likelihood of urine leakage. This is a less invasive option, suitable for those looking for alternatives to traditional surgical procedures.

4. Artificial Urinary Sphincter (AUS)

For severe cases of SUI, an artificial urinary sphincter may be implanted. This device mimics the function of a natural sphincter, providing control over the release of urine. AUS surgery is more complex and involves a more extended recovery period.