Older Black American cancer patients have higher rates of frailty and disability than their white peers, which may help explain why Black patients also have higher cancer death rates, new research suggests.
The researchers noted that Black patients are more likely to die from cancer than most other groups, despite efforts to reduce cancer-related racial disparities.
Black cancer patients often fare worse in multiple ways
The new study included 553 older adults who had recently been diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer and were listed in a registry at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
The researchers found that 50% of Black patients and nearly 33% of white patients were frail, with symptoms such as weakness and fatigue.
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The study also found that Black patients were twice as likely as white patients to report difficulties with: walking one block; basic daily self-care tasks like dressing and bathing; and daily household chores such as cleaning and shopping.
The differences between Black and white patients remained even after the researchers adjusted for age, sex, education, cancer type, cancer stage and other health conditions, according to the study published online April 11 in the journal Cancer.
“As frailty and functional impairments are associated with increased chemotherapy toxicities, hospitalizations and poorer overall survival, these differences may in part explain racial disparities in cancer outcomes,” lead study author Dr. Grant Williams said in a journal news release.
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Identifying frailty
According to Johns Hopkins, you are considered frail if:
